posted on: October 19, 2020
[33], The Norfolk hotel, then owned by the Block Hotels, was bombed on 31 December 1980 by the PFLP/PLO. Security Council, Official Records, 1939th meeting, 9 July 1976, S/PV.1939. Operation Entebbe, which had the military codename Operation Thunderbolt, is sometimes referred to retroactively as Operation Jonathan in memory of the unit's leader, Yonatan Netanyahu. Lt. Col. Joshua Shani, lead pilot of the operation, later said that the Israelis had initially conceived of a rescue plan that involved dropping naval commandos into Lake Victoria. [30] Some accounts claim that all non-Israelis, including Jews, were allowed to leave. They planned to kill the hijackers and after freeing the hostages, ask Amin for passage home. [16], It was announced by the hijackers that the airline crew and non-Jewish passengers would be released and put on another Air France plane that had been brought to Entebbe for that purpose. Israeli commander Yonatan Netanyahu was killed after being shot in the chest, possibly by a Ugandan sniper. [26], At Entebbe, the four hijackers were joined by at least four others, supported by the forces of Uganda's president, Idi Amin. This meant he could take a diplomatic trip to Port Louis, Mauritius, to officially hand over chairmanship of the Organisation of African Unity to Seewoosagur Ramgoolam. On July 4, a week after the plane was hijacked, Israeli forces landed in Entebbe during the dead of night. [19] Other hostage accounts claim the hijackers kept both Jews and Israelis hostages. Operation Entebbe; Part of the Arab–Israeli conflict: Israeli commandos from the Sayeret Matkal after the operation. [28], The Israeli forces landed at Entebbe at 23:00 IST, with their cargo bay doors already open. The success of the Entebbe raid substantially boosted Israeli morale. The government of Israel said that they would free the prisoners held in Israel. Shomron was appointed as the operation commander. This threat led to the planning of the rescue operation. The hostages were guided into the waiting aircraft. [52][53] PLO chairman Yasser Arafat sent his political aide Hani al-Hassan to Uganda as a special envoy to negotiate with the hostage takers and with Amin. It took place in July 1976 in Entebbe, Uganda.An Air France airplane was hijacked on 27 June 1976. The, …Israel’s rescue mission at the Entebbe airport in Uganda in 1976. [47] As they pulled away, an Israeli commando in one of the following Land Rovers killed them with an unsuppressed rifle. According to declassified diplomatic documents, the Egyptian government under Sadat tried to negotiate with both the PLO and the Ugandan government, and special envoy Hanni al Hassan was sent to negotiate in Uganda. The fact that the plane was owned by a French company was also an issue. He had been shot within minutes of the first aircraft landing. Ugandan soldiers shot at them in the process. West Germany called the raid "an act of self-defence". This instigated mass chaos as shooting ensued between the two sides. The Israelis also destroyed at least 8 Russian-built MIG fighters. Template:Infobox military conflict He told them he was working to get them free. Security Council. [7], A week earlier, on 27 June, an Air France Airbus A300 jet airliner with 248 passengers had been hijacked by two members of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – External Operations (PFLP-EO) under orders of Wadie Haddad (who had earlier broken away from the PFLP of George Habash),[8] and two members of the German Revolutionary Cells. Amin also asked them to extend the deadline until that date. [14] At least five other commandos were wounded. West Germany called the raid "an act of self defense." This threat led to the planning of the rescue operation. [58], Uganda's Ambassador to Lesotho, Isaac Lumago,[59] overheard some of the details of the operation from Kenya Air Force officers who were discussing the possibility of Israeli compensation for the assistance, and forwarded the information to Ugandan commander Isaac Maliyamungu. As they got near the building where the hostages were kept, two sentries went to stop them. In India, in a Bollywood movie named (Zameen) starring Ajay Devgun and Abhishekh Bachchan draw a plan to rescue hostages of an Indian airliner hijacked by Pakistani militants on the basis of Operation Entebbe. [31] Additionally, Israeli firms were involved in building projects in Africa during the 1960s and 1970s and while preparing the raid the Israeli army consulted with Solel Boneh, a large Israeli construction company which happened to have built the terminal where the hostages were being held. It is likelyTemplate:Or that at this stage a prominent Jewish hotelier in Kenya and owner of the Block hotels chain, along with other members of the Jewish/Israeli community in Nairobi, used their considerable political and economic influence with Kenya's then President, Mzee Jomo Kenyatta, to bolster negotiations by the Israeli diplomatic mission in Nairobi. [56] Mackenzie's support for the operation came after Sir Maurice Oldfield, the then head of Britain's MI6 intelligence agency, put his contacts in Mossad in touch with Mackenzie, who had been an MI6 contact for some time. [1][46] He was the only Israeli commando killed in the operation. Reaumur., 1976, p.48 (in French). [15][37] In addition, a third hostage, 56-year-old Ida Borochovitch, a Russian Jew who had emigrated to Israel, was killed in the crossfire. After the raid she was killed by officers of the Ugandan army, as were some of her doctors and nurses, apparently for trying to intervene. All seven hijackers present, and between 33 and 45 Ugandan soldiers were killed. Planning an operation like this might take another military a month, two months, six months or more, but we had two days, so we probably covered only 2 percent of the plan, leaving 98 percent to improvisation.". The lead Hercules carried the Sayeret Matkal rescue force, led by Lt. Col. Yonatan Netanyahu. [62], Dora Bloch, a 74-year-old Israeli who also held British citizenship, was taken to Mulago Hospital in Kampala after choking on a chicken bone. [15][need quotation to verify] About 11 Ugandan Army Air Force MiG-17 fighter planes were destroyed on the ground at Entebbe Airport. The 102 rescued hostages were flown to Israel via Nairobi, Kenya, shortly after the raid. Template:Terrorist attacks against Israelis in the 1970s We are Israeli soldiers," in both Hebrew and English. [44][45] The Israeli government also approached the United States government to deliver a message to Egyptian president Anwar Sadat, asking him to request that Amin release the hostages. Yitzhak Rabin, the Prime Minister of Israel, then signed off on a perilous military plan called Operation Entebbe. The hijackers were members of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine and the Red Army Faction. [citation needed], Unfortunately this came at a high price as The Norfolk hotel, then property of Block Hotels, was bombed by the PFLP/PLO in retaliation for the perceived involvement of the Block family and Kenyan Jewish/Israeli business community on 31 December 1980. Then learn about Operation Husky, in which Lucky Luciano aided the U.S. during World War II. [87] The Council allowed Israel's ambassador to the United Nations, Chaim Herzog, and Uganda's foreign minister, Juma Oris Abdalla, to participate without voting rights. Pasco Cohen—a 52-year-old manager of an Israeli medical insurance fund, who was killed by the commandos. [14], On 3 July, the Israeli cabinet approved the rescue mission,[26] under the command of Major General Yekutiel "Kuti" Adam with Matan Vilnai as the Deputy Commander. The Arab and Communist world condemned the operation calling it an act of aggression. [42], Idi Amin ordered the killing of hundreds of Kenyans living in Uganda in retaliation for Kenya's assistance to Israel in the raid.[43]. Only then was the plan revealed to the Israeli Cabinet, which decided to let the operation continue. ", http://news.bbc.co.uk/player/nol/newsid_7340000/newsid_7349900/7349983.stm?bw=nb&mp=wm&news=1&ms3=6&ms_javascript=true&bbcws=2, http://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-3525616,00.html, "Conversation between Kissinger and Dinitz, 5 July 1976", http://foia.state.gov/documents/Kissinger/0000BE67.pdf, http://ussranger.org/home/ranger-history%7C, "Battling against 'the falsification of history'", http://books.google.com/books?id=_ptMTQN8tM8C&pg=PA102&lpg=PA102&dq=Entebbe+%22four+passengers%22&source=bl&ots=H9i4ZMXh6R&sig=g0RvBTDIFbH4nBXbFdoxHt2x7Yw&hl=en&sa=X&ei=GmzcUP6ZL87_rAGYmoC4BA&ved=0CFMQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=Entebbe%20%22four%20passengers%22&f=false, http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/634093-Uganda--Israel-honor-1976-Entebbe-raid.html, http://www.psfilmfest.org/festival/film/detail.aspx?id=21974&FID=44, "Cohen on the Bridge: The Entebbe Rescue", "Operation Entebbe – 'Live or Die in Entebbe' Trailer", https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=csab-m6QuZk, "theatreor.com presents A WORLD PREMIERE from an Israeli Perspective", "Untitled Theater Co #61's Fest of Jewish Theater & Ideas Runs", http://broadwayworld.com/article/Untitled_Theater_Co_61s_Fest_Of_Jewish_Theater_Ideas_Runs_520614_In_NYC_20090520, Black OPS Season 1, Ep.
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